Monthly Archieves: Oktober 2022

Chris is a fund manager in LGIM`s Multi Asset Funds team and is responsible for portfolio management and the ongoing development of the multi-asset product line. Chris joined LGIM in 2015 from HSBC Global Asset Management, where he spent over 6 years, most recently as part of the multi-asset team covering roles such as risk-based multi-asset, multi-asset returns and global tactical asset allocation. Chris also worked in HSBC`s Emerging Market Debt team in New York as a product specialist. Chris holds the CFA designation and the Certificate in Investment Management. He graduated with honours from the University of Bristol in 2008 after studying economics and management. Justin is a Fund Manager within the Portfolio Strategy team, where he focuses on managing the team`s multi-asset retail and risk-profile funds. Prior to joining LGIM in August 2013, Justin was a fund manager in Aviva Investors` multi-asset team, which combined dynamic strategic and tactical asset allocation with manager selection in multi-asset portfolio construction. He has been lead fund manager for a number of risk-based multi-asset funds and co-lead manager for a number of unit-linked life insurance and pension funds, as well as managers of manager offerings. Previously, Justin worked as a fund research analyst at Merrill Lynch and as an investment consultant at Aon Consulting. Justin holds a CFA designation and holds a degree in Economics from the University of Warwick and the Investment Management Certificate for all collective investment undertakings except the Legal & General UCITS ETF PLC: In the “Audience and Use of Information” section, the term “Investment Professionals” refers to legal entities resident or resident in Italy that meet the definition of “clienti professionali o investitori”. professional in accordance with Legislative Decree No 58/1998, implemented by Consob Regulation No 11971/1999 on issuers and Consob Regulation No 20307/2018 on intermediaries. performance failures or failures, omissions, interruptions, defects, delays in operation or transmission, system failures, unavailability or suspension of the Site, viruses, distributed denial-of-service attacks or any other technologically harmful material that infects your computer equipment, software, data or other proprietary material as a result of your use of the Site or downloading any Site Material or Sites Linked to the Site; may include, but is not limited to, loss of profits, loss of revenue, loss of anticipated savings, loss of revenue, loss of data, loss of goodwill or loss of contracts or business (in each case, whether direct or indirect) or for indirect, economic, consequential or special damages arising from any cause. In the “Information About Us” section, the definition of “Legal & General” includes: “LGIM Managers (Europe) Limited, a company registered in Ireland (Register No.

609677) and authorised by the Central Bank of Ireland as a management company under Directive 2009/65/EC and as an alternative investment fund manager under Directive 2011/61/EU (Central Bank of Ireland Register No. C173733) and its Italian branch, registered in the Register of Management Companies and Alternative Investment Fund Managers of the European Union maintained by the Bank of Italy pursuant to Article 35 of Legislative Decree No 58/1998 under number 23978. In the “Information About Us” section: LGIM Managers (Europe) Limited (“LGIM Europe”), authorised by the Central Bank of Ireland as a UCITS management company (under the Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities Regulations 2011) (S.I. No. 352 of 2011), as amended) and as an alternative investment fund manager with “additional” authorisations allowing the company to provide certain investment services Additional MiFID (in accordance with the European Union Directive (Alternative Investment Fund Managers) 2013 (S.I. No. 257 of 2013), as amended). Registered in Ireland as a limited company with the Commercial Register (No. 609677). Registered office: 33/34 Sir John Rogersonâs Quay, Dublin, 2, Ireland.

June 5, 2021 – The New York Times publishes an article about dazzling headlights. LED chips have an inherent “float” when photons leave the chip, meaning there is inherent instability in the flow of photons. In addition, the pilot`s electronics can use pulse width modulation to change the brightness, which means that the current is quickly turned on and off. Supposedly, this “flicker” is on a subsensory level, meaning that people cannot detect flicker. However, many people report feeling or seeing fibrillation, including those with epilepsy and other neurological conditions. “Blinking frequency” occurs when the LED is intentionally turned off to flash the light on the oncoming person to indicate a warning. FMVSS-108 does not regulate any of these time parameters. Therefore, LED headlights are illegal in terms of temporal properties, as FMVSS-108 involves a stable, non-flickering photon stream. LED headlights are also illegal because flickering is dangerous.

When a product is listed as “SAE certified”, it means that it has been sent to SAE for testing and certification and the stamp essentially means “This is a very high quality product!” This is NOT the same as DOT compliance. This is for product quality, not legality. Blue light with wavelengths of 450 nanometers is known to be dangerous to the eye. The blue wavelength also controls the circadian rhythm and also causes glare. The blue wavelength obviously needs to be regulated, and yet NHTSA has no regulations to protect our eyes. FMVSS-108 does not contain any requirements for power spectral distribution. Therefore, LED headlights are illegal in terms of spectral distribution, as FMVSS-108 implies a weak blue spectral distribution. In addition, LED headlights are illegal because they are dangerous and violate the Motor Vehicle Safety Act.

November 23, 2021 – Motortrend.com confirms that LED headlights are illegal. Despite a 60% reduction in road traffic, more than 40% of all fatal car accidents occur at night. In addition, according to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, nighttime crash rates per mile for vehicles with headlights that score well in the institute`s headlight evaluation program are nearly 20 percent lower than those for vehicles with poorly rated headlights. Headlight regulations: The U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration`s FMVSS-108 applies only to point sources, not surface sources. Because LED headlights are surface sources, LED headlights do not comply with FMVSS-108 and are not legal. Essentially, it is up to projector manufacturers to determine whether they meet the requirements. If you are looking for something to fall asleep, you can read these requirements here. In short, there are specifications for every possible application, vehicle and installation position. In order to measure the distribution of photons with real accuracy, we need to select a very high resolution detection system at the picometer or femtometer scale. In practice, this also means that we use a precision measuring instrument in the laboratory and only have to measure under near-field conditions at a distance of about 1 micron from the surface of the chip. Once the detector has a high enough resolution and the detector is close enough to the source chip, the detector shows the distribution of photons and how most photons are clustered in a very small space.

The mistake of engineers certifying LED headlights is the use of software that is accurate only at the micron scale and uses far-field data collected at a distance of 100 feet from the source. Figure 10 shows precision measurements at the femtometer scale under near-field conditions. The best way to keep your car legal on the road is to stick to the headlights that come with your vehicle. The headlights supplied with a vehicle delivered directly by the manufacturer are all legal. Even bright and specific LED bulbs have been federally tested and approved for sale. Reading the owner`s manual and easy maintenance of the bulbs provided will ensure that your car can still drive legally on the road. The only way to accidentally make your car`s headlights illegal is to replace them yourself with spare parts. 27. January 2022 – The U.S. DOT releases the National Highway Strategy without mentioning LED headlights. If you`re new to the illegality of LED headlights, you`re not alone.

This is because the regulations for LED headlights are federal. Some states have specific rules for LED headlights that vary from state to state and are often related to brightness. It is best to check if LED headlights are legal in your respective state. The federal government will not lure you in because of LED headlights. In fact, many states don`t have regulations for installing LED headlights, which means local police departments don`t even have the authority to enforce these rules. Because the regulations for the use of LED headlights come from the federal level. If you`re reading this and attaching LED headlights to your vehicle, don`t panic. While it is true that most LED headlights are illegal due to current federal rules and regulations, enforcement of these rules is not heavily enforced. The illegality of LED headlights often comes from the manufacture and installation of luminaires.

Many aftermarket lights don`t comply with local brightness laws, and in some states, playing with a car`s headlights is also against the rules. However, it is unlikely that they will be stopped because of the LED headlights. However, there is one downside to technology: it is expensive. So much so that adaptive headlights will probably only be present in the top offer for the foreseeable future – regardless of the relaxation of legislation. Time averages relative to time. FMVSS-108 assumed that the light source of the headlights emits light in the form of a constant stream of photons, so there is no discussion of flicker in FMVSS-108.

Where appropriate, these rules set the limits within which a lawyer may practise. Within these limits, each lawyer must be guided by his or her own sense of professional responsibility. Maintaining the integrity and reputation of the profession is the responsibility of every lawyer. “(a) The purpose of the level of fitness is to ensure that persons admitted to practise are persons who may be entrusted with the performance of the duties and obligations imposed on lawyers; On July 1, 2021, new rules on the conduct of lawyers came into effect, with a focus on combating harassment and harassment. The amendments amended the Lawyers and Carriers (Lawyers: Conduct and Client Care) Act 2008,[4] which is the main code of conduct for New Zealand lawyers. This process has significantly raised awareness of wellness issues among young lawyers and women, particularly for young lawyers and women, although it remains to be seen whether such a compliance framework can fundamentally change elements of the firm`s culture. The specific role of the Legal Complaints Officer is to independently review the decisions of the New Zealand Law Society and New Zealand Society of Conveyancers Standards Committees on complaints against lawyers and funders. Lawyers may seek advice from the Law Society`s Ethics Committee on the application or interpretation of these rules. These rules are registered in the Commercial Register in accordance with Article 102 (1) of the Act. the duty for lawyers to provide their clients with advance information on the most important aspects of client care: Complaints and disciplinary proceedings that may be initiated in the event of a violation of these rules are set out in Part 7 of the Act and in separate rules or regulations.

This Code of Conduct and Client Support for Lawyers has been developed by the New Zealand Law Society and approved by the Minister of Justice in accordance with Part 6 of the Act. In particular, these are the provisions required by sections 94(e), (j) and (o) and 95 and authorized by section 336 of the Act, which provide for or relate to: The provisions are binding on all lawyers and former lawyers under subsection 107(1) of the Act. Accordingly, they apply to all lawyers, whether they practise as independent lawyers or as individual or in-house lawyers in the private or public sector. Some rules only apply to certain types of work. This is recognised in section 55 of the Lawyers and Attendants Act 2006[1] (the Act), which sets out the manner in which a person is fit and appropriate to be admitted as a barrister and solicitor in the High Court. The New Zealand Law Society (`the NZLS`) or the High Court have the power to assess those various legal factors when deciding on the admission of new lawyers. The rules are not an exhaustive account of the conduct expected of lawyers. They set the minimum standards to which lawyers must adhere and are a reference point for discipline. A charge of misconduct or unsatisfactory conduct may be laid and a conviction may be obtained, even if the charge is not based on a violation of a particular rule or a violation of any other rule or regulation under the Act.

The duties of lawyers to clients are described in the Code of Professional Conduct and Client Support for Lawyers (the Rules). These obligations are subject to other mandatory obligations, including obligations to the courts and the judiciary. Acting in accordance with all fiduciary and due diligence duties lawyers owe to their clients: This has led to a regulatory pendulum that has set back sharply in terms of lawyers` social and personal misconduct, with new rules coming into effect in 2021 described as the most significant regulatory changes ever attempted by the NZLS when it comes to professional conduct. Misconduct and unsatisfactory conduct are defined in section 6 of the Act. A wilful or reckless violation of the Act or these Rules or other rules or regulations of practice made under the Act constitutes misconduct within the meaning of subparagraph 7(1)(a)(ii). A violation that is not intentional or reckless constitutes unsatisfactory conduct under Article 12(c). All lawyers or law firms must now have anti-bullying and anti-harassment policies and a grievance procedure, including a designated lawyer who must report these issues to the NZLS annually, including compliance with their reporting obligations and employment policies.

Okla. Stat. tit. 40, § 435 (2006, 2020) requires an employer to grant a worker who is required to breastfeed or express breast milk for her child a reasonable unpaid break every day. The law requires the Ministry of Health to publish regular reports on breastfeeding rates, complaints received and benefits reported by nursing mothers and working employers. The law also requires state agencies to grant paid breaks to nursing employees to use a nursing room for specific purposes. N.J. Rev. Stat. § 10:5-12 (2018) considers discrimination based on pregnancy or breastfeeding in terms of remuneration or financial conditions of employment to be an unlawful employment practice. General. Ann.

Laws ch. 94G § 4 (2016) requires that the labelling of a package containing marijuana or marijuana products include a warning to pregnant and breastfeeding women about the risks of marijuana use. Article 31-1-9 (1999) of the Children`s Code stipulates that breastfeeding a baby is an important and fundamental parental act that must be encouraged in the interests of the health of the mother and the child and allows a mother to breastfeed her baby in any place where the mother and the baby are entitled to it. House of Representatives Joint Resolution 5 (2003) encourages breastfeeding and recognizes the importance of breastfeeding for maternal and child health. The resolution also commends employers, both in the public and private sectors, who provide accommodation for nursing mothers. Minn. Stat. Ann. Article 145.894 (1990) instructs the State Commissioner of Health to develop and implement a public education programme that promotes the provisions of the Law on Maternal and Child Nutrition. Educational programmes should include a campaign to promote breastfeeding. Mul § 743A.067 (2017) requires health plans offered in this state to provide comprehensive breastfeeding support, counseling, and care.

MDHHS is pleased to announce an initiative to improve breastfeeding rates in Michigan through the publication of the Michigan Breastfeeding Plan: State Strategies To Advance Breastfeeding Practice 2021-2024. This plan emphasizes the importance of breastfeeding at each perinatal stage and describes the strategies that partners must take into account and the commitments of the MDHHS. Several states have unique breastfeeding laws. For example, Cal. Health and Safety Code § 1257.9 (2007) that the Department of Health should recommend at least eight hours of training for appropriate staff in general acute care hospitals that provide maternity care and have exclusive breastfeeding rates of patients in the lowest 25% of the state. Article 383.011 (1998) designates the Ministry of Health as the State agency responsible for the administration or provision of maternal and child health services, including the promotion of breastfeeding. Section 165.032 (1995) of the Texas Health Code provides for a demonstration project on breastfeeding in the workplace and requires the Department of Health to develop recommendations to support breastfeeding in the workplace. Section 617.23 (1998) of Minn.

Stat. Ann. states that breastfeeding is not an indecent exposure. N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. Article 132:10-d (1999) provides that breastfeeding does not constitute indecent exposure and that restricting or restricting a mother`s right to breastfeeding is discriminatory.

Ill. Rev. Stat. c. 775 Paragraphs 5/2-102 (1991) set out reasonable arrangements to include a private room without a bathroom for breast milk expression and breastfeeding. MDHHS is committed to supporting breastfeeding families, increasing the start and duration of breastfeeding, and closing the gap between black and white populations that still exists in Michigan. Although lactation inequality increased from 19% to 14.7% from 2010 to 2018, the MDHHS continues to work to close this gap. The main cause of inequalities in breastfeeding is systemic racism, and addressing systemic racism must remain at the heart of our policies. Sources: National Conference of State Legislatures and StateNet Note: The list may not be exhaustive, but it is representative of existing state laws. NCSL welcomes additions and corrections. Section 191.918 (1999, 2014) allows a mother to breastfeed her child at her discretion in any public or private place to which the mother is otherwise entitled.

The Act also stipulates that breastfeeding or expressing breast milk by a mother in a public or private place to which the mother and child are otherwise entitled does not constitute sexual conduct or sexual contact within the meaning of section 566.010 and is not considered an act of public indecency. indecent exposure, obscene touching or obscenity. No municipality may make an order prohibiting or prohibiting a mother from breastfeeding or expressing her breast milk in a public or private place. Laws § 41.181, § 67.1 and § 117.4i (1994, 2017) state that public nudity laws do not apply to a woman breastfeeding a child. The law also states that public nudity does not include a woman breastfeeding her baby, whether or not the nipple or areola is exposed during or accidentally with breastfeeding. NY SB 1296 (2021) requires the New York State Department of Health and Human Services to conduct a review of the impact of racial and ethnic disparities on breastfeeding rates and prepare a report and submit it to the Governor and Legislature. One drop: State law protects breastfeeding in public (now applies to all states). There are no state breastfeeding laws in the workplace. Breastfeeding mothers who are paid by the hour are covered by the federal FLSA.

Not the thoracic case scenario. Two drops: state law protects breastfeeding in public (now applies to all states). State law provides for the right to breastfeed in the workplace for certain sectors of employment (e.g., municipal employees) OR mandates breastfeeding accommodations for certain locations (e.g., airports, municipal buildings). Three drops: State law protects breastfeeding in public (now applies to all states). State law protects all working breastfeeding mothers (not just hourly) and goes beyond federal FLSA law. Four drops: State law protects breastfeeding in public (now applies to all states). State law protects all breastfeeding mothers AND additional state laws protect certain populations OR require lactation housing for certain locations. Five drops: the gold standard. State law protects breastfeeding in public (now applicable to all states). State law protects all breastfeeding mothers, sets standards for breastfeeding rooms (e.g., access to a refrigerator), AND additional state laws protect certain populations AND require breastfeeding accommodations for certain locations. Alaska Stat. Sections 29.25.080 and 01.10.060 (1998) prohibit a municipality from enacting an order prohibiting or prohibiting a woman from breastfeeding a child in a public or private place to which the woman and child are otherwise entitled.

The law specifies that obscene behaviour, obscene touching, immoral behaviour, indecent behaviour and similar terms do not include the act of a woman breastfeeding a child in a public or private place where the woman and child are otherwise legitimate. S.C. Code Ann. § 1-13-80 (2018) enacts the Maternity Housing Act, refers to definitions within the framework of human rights, revises terms based on sex or sex used in the context of equal treatment of women affected by pregnancy, childbirth or related diseases, refers to illegal employment practices of an employer and breastfeeding, provides for certain other illegal employment practices related to the failure to provide reasonable accommodation to an applicant or worker. Article 39-13-511 (2006) of the Tenn Code stipulates that the offence of indecent assault does not apply to a mother who breastfeeds her child in a public or private place. Section 18.2-387 (1994) of the Virginia Code exempts nursing mothers from indecent exposure laws. 105 § 5/10-20.60, § 5/34-18.53 and 5/27A-5 (2017) require a public school, including a charter school, to make reasonable provision for a nursing student on a school campus to express breast milk, breastfeed an infant, or meet other breastfeeding needs; provides for complaints procedures. Illinois House of Representatives Resolution 778 (2012) calls on departments that help families and children to provide and promote educational materials on breastfeeding. N.J. Rev. Stat. § 30:4D-6o (2019) requires health benefits and Medicaid coverage for breastfeeding support.

N.J. Rev. Stat. § 9:6-8.98.1 (2018) requires the Child Deaths and Near-Deaths Review Board to examine racial and ethnic inequalities that contribute to infant mortality and address differences in breastfeeding initiation and duration to increase support among racial and ethnic populations. Michigan`s breastfeeding plan is guided by a vision to remove barriers, promote equity, and promote breastfeeding as essential to infant nutrition, social and emotional health, and chronic disease prevention by ensuring that all families have the opportunity to breastfeed for as long as they want. The breastfeeding plan establishes the common curriculum for a collaborative approach to protect, promote and support breastfeeding in Michigan. The strategies in the breastfeeding plan contribute to Michigan`s broader goals of ensuring that all families can reach their health potential and align with the strategies of the plan to improve maternal health and equity of zero preventable deaths and zero health inequality.

Registration and exam fees must be paid when booking your exam. Note: The Building Inspectorate`s Notice also concluded that an LFCN is necessary for this particular situation Comment: RIAI must stop “passing the ball” 6. The client`s notice of contract is the form to be signed by the client to inform the building inspection of the person designated by the client to carry out the work and again contains a statement that the client is satisfied that the delegated person is authorized to perform the work on the client`s behalf and provides details of the person so designated. The aim of the 2014 regulation is to ensure that all parties involved comply with building rules from the outset. This is to be achieved by requiring the development of an inspection plan and formally recognizing the respective roles of all parties, including manufacturers. It is important that the parties address the 2014 regulation and understand its implications. Building owners must allow sufficient time for the delivery of the Notice of Commissioning when making an appointment, and those who intend to act as certifiers (including subsidiary certifiers) or constructors must consider how these roles will be exercised to enable an efficient and effective inspection process. The inspection process must be flexible enough to accommodate changes, but comprehensive enough that the certificate of completion can be easily signed upon completion. Before work begins, the design of the work must be certified as a construction conform by the “design certifier” by signing the design certificate. The customer will also designate a “designated certifier” and a “constructor” in the initial phase (by means of notices in the prescribed form). The Building Control (Amendment) Regulations 2013 (SI No. 80 of 2013) were repealed, partly because it contained an error, but also because changes to the certificate forms included in the 2014 regulations were negotiated by architects, engineers and builders` representatives.

The 2013 rules should not be respected. Registration for the exam costs £51. The fees payable for each exam are listed below: See the candidate`s program of study guide (PDF 587 KB). The ministry said in a press release announcing the new regulations that there is nothing new in the regulations that would prevent people from building their homes with direct labour. He goes on to say that people who carry out direct work or construct themselves can continue to do so because neither the law nor the legal obligations under the Building Control Act 1990 have changed. The Department stressed that it expected a professional to approve the work, that it would actually be carried out in accordance with the documents submitted, that it would be of a high standard, and that it would cost between €1,000 and €2,000. The department pointed out that this is a small fee to ensure that things are done right for a house that could cost $100,000 or $150,000. The 2014 regulations require an ongoing focus on building code compliance from design to completion. 5. The Certificate of Conformity form (Mandated Certifier`s Statement of Commitment) contains the obligation to inspect the building or structures with reasonable skill, care and diligence and to coordinate the inspection work of others and, upon completion of the inspection plan by oneself and others, to certify compliance with the requirements of the second plan of the Building Code. insofar as they relate to the building or structure. 3.

The Certificate of Conformity (Design) is a certificate that confirms that the documentation included in the Notice of Commencement schedule complies with building codes. The form provides (where applicable) for the certifier to rely on the certificates of the parties who have designed specific areas of the building and is based on the fact that the certifier has exercised reasonable skill, care and diligence. All documents required for the transfer are still subject to an agreement between the Law Society and the RIAI. There is no legal obligation for an architect (as the certifier of record) to disclose the certificate of completion to a third party, and there is no obligation for an owner (as a seller) to provide one to a buyer. Learning Bar has developed a range of learning solutions to help you prepare for risk and compliance accreditation assessments. These interactive and participatory courses allow you to integrate your learning in preparation for the Risk and Compliance Certification exams scheduled for September. So why doesn`t RIAI actively work with the Law Society to create an agreed-upon document that reassures buyers, clearly listing the parties that could be held liable for the non-compliance or defective construction, including other designers and builders, without exposing the architect to liability for problems caused by the builder? 13. All documents submitted for the inspection of buildings shall be kept for at least six years. 11. Lawyers for buyers of new homes or apartments require a copy of the certificate of compliance at the end.

Lawyers will likely be happy to accept a copy of the Certificate of Completion Compliance as signed and registered, as well as proof of its registration as sufficient building code compliance, provided this clearly applies to the property acquired. It is expected that individual certificates for single-family homes will be deposited in a subdivision. Buyers` lawyers are likely interested in ensuring that the unique entity they are dealing with is properly identified on the certificate, and if not, the designated certifier/architect must confirm that this applies to the property in question. Buyers or tenants of large retail, office or industrial buildings may require additional certification. Certificates of conformity to the building permit will of course still be required for planning, but all references to compliance with the building code, as they appear in old certification forms, will be omitted in the future. Lawyers who make assignments must get involved and agree among themselves on this point. They are paid to look after the interests of buyers – will they point out to their clients that the certificate of completion is a “warranty against defects” or is no more valuable than the old opinion? 8. The certificate of conformity (undertaking given by the contractor) certifies that the client has entrusted the client with the performance of the work and certifies that it is competent to do so and guarantees that all persons designated or appointed by the client to perform the work are qualified to perform the work. It then undertakes to construct the building or works in accordance with the plans, calculations, specifications, etc. set out in the appendix to the notice of coming into force or as they were subsequently issued and certified and submitted to the inspection of the buildings. It also includes the obligation to cooperate with the inspection plan set out in the inspection plan established by the designated certifier and to take all reasonable measures to ensure that the certifier can certify that the building or structures comply with the requirements of the second schedule to the Construction Code.

Required work: Deepen the shower room in the crawl space to increase the room size by 1.2 m2 Previous work: The house (enc plans) has been completely renovated and extended, fully utilizing its exempt allocation of 40 m2. Appointments may be cancelled or postponed due to insufficient demand or events beyond our control. The “contractual certifier” and the “client” have the task of confirming by the execution of the certificate of completion that the completed work complies with the construction regulations and must also formally commit from the beginning to carry out this task. The 2014 Ordinance prohibits the opening, occupancy or use of a building until a certificate of completion has been submitted and registered by the Building Inspectorate, making compliance with the 2014 regulations of great importance to potential owners, buyers or tenants. Reserve your place for the advanced exam (legal practice) As mentioned above, there is no construction industry registry yet.

PETITION: A formal request made by an individual or group of persons to Parliament. If a bill obtains a majority at third reading, it is deemed passed. When a bill is passed by the House where it was drafted, the bill is further developed and a new copy of the bill, containing all corrections and amendments, is prepared and sent to the opposing House for consideration. In the second chamber, the bill follows essentially the same steps as in the first chamber. If the bill is passed by the opposite House, it is sent back to the original House, with any adopted amendments simply attached to the bill. Oath of office: An oath taken by elected members of the Legislative Assembly before they sit and take office. A member of Parliament or a senator has an idea for a bill by listening to the people he or she represents and then working to solve his or her problem. A bill may also result from the recommendations of an interim committee study conducted when the Legislative Assembly is not sitting. The idea is being explored to determine which state law should be changed or created to best address this problem. A bill is then drafted by the legislature, often with legal support from the Texas Legislative Council, a legislative agency that provides bill drafting services, research assistance, computer support, and other services to legislators. When the president signs a law, the law receives a number in the order in which it is signed. A quote about a public law looks like this: P.L.107-101, where 107 states that this law was used during the 107th century.

101 is the numerical designation he received. A private law is also designated, but uses the term private law instead of public law. MEMORIAL: The method by which the legislature addresses Congress and other governments or government agencies or implements a petition; A method by which the legislator congratulates or honours groups or individuals. REGISTRATION: The most common is the process of amending a bill passed by both houses in its final format for submission to the governor. VETO WAIVER: Vote by the legislature to pass a bill on a governor`s veto. MEMBERSHIP: A stage of the parliamentary process in which one chamber of the Legislative Assembly sticks to its previous action in response to a contradictory action by the other chamber. INTERIM: The interval between regular legislative sessions. Contact Brenda Erickson at (mailto:legislatures-info@ncsl.org?subject=[rules]) RESOLUTION: A document that expresses the feeling or intent of the legislature or a house, that governs the business of the legislature or a house, or that expresses the approval of the legislature or a chamber.

STATUTE: A formal decree of the legislator of a more permanent nature. The term “law” is used to refer to written law, as opposed to unwritten law. SENATE: A legislative body; As a rule, the body has the smallest number of members in a bicameral legislature. LEGISLATIVE OVERSIGHT: Statutory review of leadership and performance programs. BICAMERAL: A legislature composed of two separate chambers, each designed to control the power of the other. State legislatures make laws in each state. State courts can review these laws. If a court decides that a law is not in conformity with the state constitution, it can declare it invalid. SESSION: (1) period during which the legislature meets; (2) the daily session of the Senate or the House. MAJORITY PARTY: The political party with the largest number of members in the Legislative Assembly or in either house. BUDGET: (1) A proposal for the appropriation of public funds submitted for consideration by the Legislative Assembly; (2) a formal document reflecting expenditures approved by the government. MAISON: generic term for a legislative body; usually the body of a bicameral legislature with the largest number of members; Abbreviation for House of Representatives or House of Representatives.

BILL: Bill to be submitted to the legislator for consideration. In both Houses, a bill may be passed by a recorded vote or division. In the House of Representatives, votes by recording are counted by an electronic voting board controlled by buttons on each member`s desk. In the Senate, recorded votes are taken by appeal of the list of members. Once the rules are adopted, the legislator begins to consider the bills. CONVOCATION: When the members of a House meet daily, weekly and at the beginning of a session for the session of the legislature, as provided by the Constitution or the law. INDEFINITE CARRY-OVER: A form of adverse provision of a proposal for this legislature. ACT: Laws that have come into force. A bill that has been passed by both houses of the legislature has been inscribed, ratified, signed by the governor or delivered by the governor`s office and printed. It is a permanent measure that has the force of law until it is repealed. GALLERY: Balconies of the hemicycle from which visitors can follow the work of the legislature.

When a bill is passed in identical form by the Senate and the House of Representatives, it is submitted to the President for signature. When the president signs the law, it becomes law. Laws are also known as Acts of Congress. Status is another word used interchangeably with the law. COMMITTEE OF the WHOLE: Each House of the Legislative Assembly meets in its entirety in committee to consider bills or matters. The first thing the Speaker of the House and the Lieutenant Governor ask of their respective Houses of the Legislative Assembly is to decide what rules legislators will follow during the session. Some legislative procedures are provided for in the State Constitution, but additional rules may be adopted by a house of the legislature if approved by a majority vote of its members. After receiving a bill, the governor has 10 days to sign it, veto it, or pass it without signing it. If the governor vetoes the bill and the legislature is still in session, the bill is sent back to the house in which it originates with an explanation of the governor`s objections. A two-thirds majority in each chamber is required to override the veto. If the governor does not veto or sign the bill within 10 days, the bill becomes law.

If a bill is sent to the governor within 10 days of the final adjournment, the governor has up to 20 days after the final adjournment to sign the bill, veto it, or pass it without signature. The legislature meets every odd-numbered year to draft new laws and find solutions to the problems of the state. This session, which begins on the second Tuesday of January and lasts 140 days, is called the regular session. The Governor may instruct the legislature to meet at other times. These sessions, called special sessions, cannot last more than 30 days and deal only with topics chosen by the governor. The Senate consists of 100 senators, 2 from each state. Until the ratification of the 17th Amendment in 1913, senators were elected by state legislators, not by popular vote. Since then, they have been elected by the people of each state for six years.

Senate terms are phased so that about one-third of senators are re-elected every two years. Senators must be 30 years old, U.S. citizens for at least nine years, and residents of the state they represent. LEGISLATIVE INTENT: The purpose for which a measure is passed. CONSTITUTION: A written instrument that embodies the fundamental principles of the State, guarantees the powers and duties of government, and guarantees certain rights to the people. The Senate retains several powers for itself: it approves the ratification of treaties by a two-thirds majority and confirms the appointment of the president by a majority of votes. House approval is also required for ratification of trade agreements and confirmation by the Vice President. MEASURE: A generic term for a bill, resolution or monument. The chair then considers the bill. The president can approve and sign the law or not approve a law (veto). QUORUM: When a legislative body is constituted, the minimum number of members required to conduct its work.

When the bill reaches the President, he or she may: APPROVE and PASS. The President signs and approves the law. The bill has the force of law. Regulations are published by federal agencies, agencies and commissions. They explain how agencies want to implement laws. Regulations are published annually in the Code of Federal Regulations. YES and NO: Recorded vote of members on a topic. ELECTION: The act of choosing a person to hold office.

SUSPENSION OF STANDING ORDERS: Parliamentary procedure for taking otherwise incorrect action. Congress creates and passes laws. The president can then sign these laws. Federal courts can review laws to determine whether they are constitutional. If a court finds that a law is unconstitutional, it can repeal it. ARTICLE VETO: Action taken by the governor to prevent the passage of an allocation bill; May also be called a veto of a budget item. Part of the exercise of legislative power by Congress is to prepare an annual budget for the government. To this end, Congress imposes taxes and tariffs to fund basic government services. If not enough money can be raised to fund the government, Congress can also approve loans to make up the difference. Congress can also order spending for specific items: Legislated spending, commonly referred to as “allocations,” indicates funds for a specific project rather than for a government agency. ITEMS: A line of numbers in a budget or budget account. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: an untenable position that threatens a legislator`s ability to vote impartially on the basis of a private interest in a legislative matter.

First, understand that a prenuptial agreement can protect you and your spouse during the marriage by dividing property. In other words, a prenuptial agreement can guarantee that protection exists without even talking about divorce. As an example, consider the following scenario: Conclusion When it comes to deciding whether a prenuptial agreement is right for your relationship, it`s important to set aside the emotional aspects of the issue and look at it from an objective perspective. Familiarize yourself with the applicable divorce laws and make sure you understand their implications before signing on the dotted line. Daniel J. Kollias has experience in family law, estate law and business law. This expertise underpins our desire to design effective prenuptial agreements that fully protect your rights. If you`re considering preparing a prenuptial agreement in Cook, DuPage, or Kane County, or if you`ve been presented with a proposed prenuptial agreement and want a full valuation by an experienced attorney before signing, we`re ready to help. Divorces can be chaotic; There are not two options. However, if you and your spouse enter into a prenuptial or postnuptial agreement, both parties will have a better idea of what to expect in the future. This can save you time and money in the long run. If you`re considering marriage and are interested in drafting a prenuptial agreement, or if you`ve already gotten married and are considering a postnuptial agreement, contact The Taradash Group, P.C., a preeminent family law firm in Chicago.

One of our divorce attorneys in Chicago will be happy to help you prepare your prenuptial agreement. Pros and Cons The practicalities of modern life have made prenuptial agreements more palatable than ever. These agreements can help clearly define financial matters, reduce conflict during the marriage, and prepare both parties for the consequences of the dissolution of their relationship. You can give the less wealthy spouse the comfort of knowing that the end of the marriage does not necessarily mean the end of the lifestyle to which he or she has become accustomed. Prenuptial agreements or prenuptial agreements have long been the “plan B” for engaged couples. They oblige the future spouses to negotiate the division of property as well as the responsibility of their debts in case their marriage takes a bad turn. However, the same questions may eventually remain – or become more important – long after the two have married. As a result, prenuptial agreements or postponements are gaining popularity. Have you ever purchased car insurance? If so, did this purchase increase the likelihood that you will have a car accident? Few people buy auto insurance because they plan to destroy their vehicle. The same logic applies to prenuptial agreements. Since we are talking about divorce, you do not receive a marriage contract because you intend to separate. But in such an undesirable case, it makes the divorce process much cleaner, easier, less stressful, and costly in legal fees for both parties.

People who don`t have a marriage contract and divorce regret it all the time. Just like people without a car accident who find themselves in a wreck without insurance regret it. A couple gets married. You don`t have a marriage contract. The husband is prosecuted. When sued, plaintiff`s attorneys acknowledge that Arizona is a communally owned state. This means that the husband has half an interest in all his property acquired during the marriage, but the wife also has half an interest in the same property. For this reason, the person suing knows that he must sue not only the husband, but also his wife.

A judgment is rendered for a substantial sum of money in favour of the plaintiff. Now, everything the couple owns together has become the target of recoveries by the plaintiff/creditor. Also known as a “postnuptial contract” or “postnup”. Similar to a prenuptial agreement, marriage contracts allow a couple to relieve stress caused by financial concerns. The conclusion of this type of contract allows the spouses to determine an equitable distribution of property upon dissolution of the marriage. This is also necessary if you plan to distribute your estate to your stepchildren. Because these contracts are less common than prenuptial agreements, some states simply don`t have much jurisdiction. That`s why it`s important to hire a local family law lawyer who can help you negotiate a deal that will stand up in court. Before proceeding with a postnup, you should also keep in mind that these agreements are easier to apply in some states than in others. Most courts tend to uphold agreements as long as they are written, signed without constraint, and include full disclosure of financial information on both sides. A prenuptial agreement is basically the same as a prenuptial agreement, except that you and your spouse make it after you and your spouse have already married, rather than before you got married.

In a postnuptial agreement, you and your spouse disclose all the money and property you currently own, both separate property and matrimonial property. Next, determine the rights and obligations each of you will have during the marriage, including how you will divide your money and property in the event of a divorce or the death of one or both of you. Prenuptial agreements are contracts between two people who are going to get married. Through such a contract, spouses can determine their own property rights in the event that the marriage ends in divorce and control the costs of divorce. Prenuptial agreements are drafted and signed in advance, but are not legally binding until after marriage. If the spouses do not have a marriage contract, state law determines the division of their property in the event of divorce. In the absence of a valid prenuptial agreement, for example, in Illinois, property acquired by spouses during a marriage would likely be matrimonial property. Illinois divorce law requires that such property be divided “equitably.” However, people may enter into a marriage with very different amounts of property and/or debts and may want to clarify who has control or ownership of these assets and liabilities, both during the marriage and in each department after the divorce.

By signing a prenuptial agreement, spouses can replace the general provisions of the law with their own personal instructions, which can reflect their wishes in as much detail as they wish. A prenuptial agreement must be signed voluntarily by both spouses, usually after full financial disclosure by both.

After quitting my job for a year, I decided to go back to a job and continue in the same field. I participated in your program of 28 magic exercises. And I did my first interview. I was a little nervous and scared before the interview, and then I read your article about the success of the interview. This is something that many people who are trying to work with the Law of Attraction get stuck with and want or try to control the details of their manifestation. I find that it really blocks the creative process. We must entrust such peculiarities to the universe and not have such a firm grip on the aspects surrounding the unfolding of what we want to bring completely into our lives. What looked like devastation to a spectator was actually my unfolding protest. We do our part, and the universe does the rest. Trust the universe as its share, for it will take care of everything much better than you can or could ever imagine. “My work visa was coming to an end and I really didn`t want to go back to Australia after living in London for two years.

I was convinced that I would have a better chance of starting a musical career in London. Michael convinced me to give up my resistance to giving up, and I`m glad I did because it changed my life considerably. After years of unfortunate work in corporate communications in Australia and London, I auditioned and was accepted into a Bachelor of Music in Jazz Performance at home in Brisbane. I am now a jazz singer who performs regularly and teaches singing and piano – my dream job! I have also just been invited as a guest singer to a prestigious concert in Osaka, which will take place in March. All expenses paid. I love my life back home in Australia and can`t wait to go back to London for concerts. Thank you very much! I am very grateful for the work you do. “I am a writer and I decided to follow your techniques to find my purpose in life. In the visualization, I continued to “see” my book in the Waterstone bookstore – I wasn`t trying to see it, the vision was just coming to me – I could see the title, the color and even the font used during the writing. A few days later, a friend told me she had a “dream vision” about me.

She saw a store full of my books! When I asked her to describe what they looked like, she described exactly what I saw! “I`m a writer who never had much success, and I had enough. I had read about how writers start writing – and as far as I`ve seen all this advice, it seemed that “divine inspiration” was how the best and most influential material seemed to come, like everything else: the Twilight books came to the author in a living dream, and Harry Potter was “downloaded” on a train ride to JK Rowling. They really didn`t do anything – they just went on with their lives and left the inspiration. It reminds me of the list of universes – where I have “my side” and my role is to carry on and leave the rest to the universe. I love this process, so I decided to apply it to my writing. “Download me an amazing book and get me an amazing book offer”, “Make the process fun and enjoyable”. As a result, I decided to take a step back – and in a short time, an idea came to me while I was out one night, just three weeks later I wrote a chapter (or rather, it seemed to write itself) and now I have a literary agent with a contract on the way. Fourteen years of “trial” vs “rental”. Thank you for the inspiration and tools you share so I can connect with my inner wisdom.

The key is to stay positive about your dreams, be grateful and willing to manifest your dream job. Always remember that the possibilities are endless. I wish you success and unlimited happiness. Today, I`m sharing five stories of dream job protests. Yes, not just one or two, but five stories of dream job manifestations that use the law of attraction and the magic of gratitude. I went through papers in my office and came across the list I had forgotten. Although I believed in the Law of Attraction, I was always amazed that my dream job description not only matched what I had listed as my desires, but went beyond what I had asked for. “I was worried about my business because I wasn`t getting the orders I normally received. I then started reading negative news about my business and soon I convinced myself that everything was a disaster and that it would only get worse! So I meditated – and then I did a focus wheel with the center that said, “My business is incredibly successful, money and opportunities are pouring in all the time.” And I started: “David (a friend who runs a successful business) said how amazing the company is”, “I love receiving such an amazing review in the local newspaper”, etc. I felt so much better in this twenty-minute exercise. Later that afternoon, I received an email telling me how amazing my service was, and then three orders arrived at the same time.

I didn`t ask in words – but the universe clearly “heard” my vibrational change… I decided to believe in finding my dream job and earning more than I was used to. I put the list away and forgot about it. I felt safe. Needless to say, my mind was blown away at that moment. It wasn`t a coincidence, it was a synchronicity. It was the law of attraction at work, at its best. As I drove after this stranger, I thought about what my mother always told me: “What`s for you is for you, and you can`t miss it.” Practicing gratitude every day will allow you to manifest your dreams much more easily. And the magic of gratitude not only helps you manifest your dream job, but makes your life magical by changing all areas of life. I am a junior UX designer and hope to get a full-time job at a specific digital agency (R/GA). Can you share some of your successes with the manifestation of your dream job and the techniques you used? Need inspiration and confidence that I can manifest the work I want! The category of a job that was soon to be filled had not yet taken place.

I found temporary jobs in the meantime, for the money I wasn`t happy with, but I knew it was a good start.

There are many types of law to practice, including sub-niche areas. To help you decide, consider business areas and industries. Think about the types of employers, clients, and legal issues related to each field and industry. Workers` rights are constantly evolving, and lawyers are therefore always in demand in this area. From sexual harassment to benefits and compensation, lawyers can find a number of cases in this discipline. Lawyers in this area of law may specialize in a particular area or handle any matter that may arise for a family. Working in family law means that your main goal is to address relationship issues that arise in a family context. The duties of a family law lawyer include working on various matters involving practice areas such as divorce. Although people often think of family law in the context of divorce, it is not limited to when a marriage dissolves. Family law attorneys may examine a variety of other factors that affect family relationships or relate to family matters, such as: Intellectual property law focuses on protecting discoveries, creations, and identifying marks for inventors, authors, and companies.

Intellectual property lawyers typically specialize in a specific area of expertise, including: Environmental and resource law focuses on legal and regulatory issues related to natural resources. Environmental and natural resource advocates may work directly for government agencies, public interest groups, or organizations concerned with environmental protection. Areas of practice in environmental and resource law include: Labour law focuses on the statutory rights of employees and their employers. Lawyers in this area may represent an individual employee, a group of employees, candidates, a union, unionized employees, government employees, a company, a government agency or interest groups. Areas of practice in employment law include: Health law focuses on regulations that affect the healthcare industry and its patients. Health lawyers can represent hospitals, physician groups, health maintenance organizations (OSH), individual physicians, universities, and many others. Areas of practice in health law include: Family law focuses on the legal relationships between individuals in the context of the family. Lawyers in this area typically work in small law firms and specialize in a variety of areas ranging from child protection to adoption and divorce. Child abuse, legitimacy, registered partnerships, domestic partnerships and marriages are among the main aspects of family law lawyers` practice. Learn more about: American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers Education law generally focuses on advising school districts or other educational institutions. Some education advocates may represent parents with children with special educational needs or school expulsions against a school district. Areas of education law include: This article summarizes the main areas of legal practice and looks at some tools you can use to narrow down your options.

The past year has brought blockchain and Bitcoin into the zeitgeist on a large scale. As more and more people begin to understand these technologies, lawyers with knowledge on the subject become more and more valuable. If you can board on the ground floor of this practice area, your options will inevitably increase. With dozens of types of laws, it can be difficult to determine which one is best for you. Some people choose the areas of law that pay the most. Others choose an industry of interest and then choose an area of practice. Business law is based on a number of areas of law, including: Whether you want to be a criminal defense lawyer or a prosecutor, criminal law is full of possibilities. Lawyers in this field see a lot of legal drama while protecting the fundamental rights of their clients.

Complex litigation includes class actions and mass offences. These cases tend to be resource-intensive, involve high stakes, difficult issues, and many parties, defendants, plaintiffs, and witnesses. This is a lucrative area of law, but one that requires meticulous attention to detail and a lot of patience. This is an area of law that requires a lot of patience and incredible attention to detail. Complex litigation is one of the most lucrative specializations, as it involves high stakes, corporate lawsuits, and numerous court claims. Cases can be time-consuming, so if you want to work towards a significantly large payment, this path may be for you. This page summarizes the main areas of legal practice in alphabetical order, with links to professional associations where available. The content is based in part on information from LSAC and Discoverlaw.org, LSAC`s diversity program. The American Bar Association is also a good resource to explore. Contact the Law Deans` Career Councils for more information. If you`re considering becoming a criminal lawyer, be prepared to spend most of your time in court. Criminal lawyers usually have a large number of cases and have to process information quickly and think on their feet.

This area of law has a particularly high burnout rate. Law schools don`t expect you to know what kind of law you want to practice before you enter campus. Your first-year program is designed to give you the foundational skills you need to become a lawyer, no matter what area of law you`re pursuing. Local law is the right specific to a particular city or county (legally called a “municipality”) and the government agencies of those cities or counties. This can cover a wide range of topics, including police violence, zoning, education policy, and property taxes. Most municipal litigation lawyers are hired by the municipalities themselves. Related areas of practice include: Immigration law focuses on legal and policy issues regarding immigrants coming to the United States temporarily or permanently. An immigration lawyer may work for the government, a law firm, a community organization, or in-house for a company that employs immigrants. Areas of immigration law include: Civil rights lawyers who deal with fundamental human rights also do extremely important work. They sometimes work for non-profit organizations, but often work in other areas of practice while handling these pro bono cases.

Real estate law covers land issues in many different areas. Lawyers may focus on contractual or procedural matters. Areas of activity include real estate development, land use rights, property law, landlord-tenant issues, and the sale or purchase of land. Company law also deals with commercial matters, but it deals more with everyday and typical practices. Things like contracts, compliance and accountability fall under this umbrella. Lawyers who specialize in this area can help a company take off with its first documents or navigate difficult situations such as bankruptcy. While the salary is generally lower than in many other areas of law, in some cases, civil rights lawyers may qualify for credit remission programs. In addition, it tends to be a very rewarding area of law for people who are passionate about human rights. Family and juvenile law focuses on relationships between individuals in the context of the family.

Many lawyers in this area are members of small law firms or practice independently. Family law and juvenile law includes: who hires, what are they hiring for, and how many practising lawyers are there in that area? These are all questions to consider when choosing a type of right you wish to exercise. Understanding supply and demand in different locations and regions can help you decide which branch of law is best for you. Tax law is complex and constantly evolving, making it an exciting area of practice.

Our legal rankings are based on in-depth analysis and research conducted by our experienced team of researchers, who conduct interviews with examiners and clients who help us understand clients` views and experiences for the legal work submitted. See The Lawyer`s publication at the following link: www.thelawyer.com/signal/report/the-european-100-2021/. Chambers Europe: The World`s Leading Lawyers for Business 2022 recognises Jones Day with 53 practice rankings and 95 lawyer rankings. Highlights of the 2022 edition are: Which companies in Poland and the Nordic countries had the best year in 2017? The list of finalists for the Lawyer European Awards will give you a good idea. This year, there has been significant engagement from mid-market law firms in a number of jurisdictions, including Italy and Poland. In Spain, the Corporate/M&A table has been divided into two distinct legal rankings: High-End Capability and Mid-Market. “The top 10 of the Continental Europe Index represents the world`s largest law firm with a significant presence in key European markets,” Jen Dezso, director of research and client relations at Thomson, told Reuters. “Clients surveyed cited the ability of these firms to combine their global network with a reputation for technical specialty and high-quality legal services. If we move to companies between 11 and 20, we see more high-end companies in the region whose strength is rooted in their local market. The final table shows the top law firms by number of awards and also provides a breakdown of the number of large patent law firms by country. The list, compiled by The Lawyer, takes into account the performance of the sector over the past year, highlighting Garrigues` consistent leadership over many years and the milestone it has reached to become the first European law firm to surpass the €400 million turnover mark: “No other independent European law firm has ever reached this mark before”, noted The Lawyer.

Regarding the company`s activities and plans in 2021, the publication focused on Garrigues` outstanding M&A performance, the creation of Garrigues Sustainable and the company`s commitment to ESG, as well as its investments in innovation and technology. The European Commission`s top law firms Competition issuesLearn more about Chambers` coverage of the European Commission`s top law firms and lawyers working on European Commission competition issues and how you can analyse our market-leading legal rankings. Chambers and Partners` rankings and research provide law firm clients, legal advisors, GCs and other legal service buyers in the European legal market with all the information they need to make an informed decision when selecting the most appropriate legal service providers. The firm tops “The Lawyer`s Euro100” ranking with a turnover of 386.9 million euros in 2020 Only 100 European companies post profits, but profitability has increased anecdotally across the continent. The cost reduction resulting from going online is significant, which has had an impact on the results. Chambers Europe 2022 Key Ranking Statistics Find out which law firms have the highest number of department rankings in the 2022 edition of the guide and analyse their legal coverage and ideas. Overall, the European 100 analysis highlights the growth of the European legal market, which had a record year in 2021. The combined turnover of the top 100 companies reached a record level of more than 12 billion euros, an increase of 9.4% compared to the previous year. In terms of countries, the Spanish market performed particularly well, surpassing the Netherlands and finishing third behind Germany and France. The list includes the most recommended patent law firms for patenting and patent strategy consulting services in Europe.

It is based on an online survey of patent attorneys working in patent law firms and as experts in corporate patent services (peer survey); and clients who have advised or retained the services of a patent law firm. Danish law firm Kromann Reumert was named European Law Firm of the Year at The Lawyer European Awards last night. Chambers Europe 2022 SubmissionsFor companies looking to rank in the next edition of the Chambers Europe Guide, you`ll find information on upcoming submission deadlines, as well as tips and answers to the most frequently asked questions about submissions. A total of 167 recommended law firms offering patent attorney services are included in the overall list, sorted alphabetically in the main table below (use the switch to sort by country). Garrigues is the highest paid law firm in the European Union, according to the Euro 100 ranking published annually in the British publication The Lawyer. The report analyses the growth of companies with the highest billings on the European continent. Garrigues once again tops the list with a total turnover of 386.9 million euros. You can read The Lawyer`s article at the following link: www.thelawyer.com/european-100-combined-revenue-reaches-all-time-high-of-e12-2bn/.